ACKNOWLEDGMENTS It has been a long journey, and I have been helped by many along the way. I would like to take this opportunity to thank some of them. First, I express my sincere gratitude to my adviser Gio Wiederhold for his guidance and encouragement. This dissertation would not have been possible without his support. Special thanks are also due to Voy Wiederhold for her genuine warmth and kindness. I am truly grateful to Arthur Keller for his help in identifying my research problem, and for working closely with me all through. This research has benefited much from his good insights and valuable suggestions. I also appreciate his cooperation on publications, and his patience and flexibility in accommodating my odd working hours. I thank the other members of my thesis committee, David Beech, Prof. Hector Garcia-Molina, Prof. Kincho Law, and Prof. Jeff Ullman for their willingness to serve on the committee, and for their constructive suggestions and help. I gratefully acknowledge the many useful discussions with Kurt Shoens, especially on the performance study and implementation topics. His experienced analysis and practical suggestions helped much in our work. Even when he was busy with his transition to a new start-up, Kurt very kindly took the time to run several experiments on an Oracle database to validate the behavior of our simulator (Chapter 6). I am much indebted to Meikel Poess for his contributions in our simulation study. Meikel worked diligently through many weeks and weekends coding the simulator and running experiments, came up with good questions and efficient solutions, utilized our whiteboard effectively, put up with my erratic schedules, and provided much motivation and encouragement. His cheerful presence definitely made a big difference to my life as a research student. His work on validating the simulator formed a very useful basis for my subsequent simulation experiments for performance analysis. Tables 6.5 through 6.7, and Figures 6.1 through 6.4 in Chapter 6 (Simulation Model and Experimental Setup) are adapted from his thesis with permission. Meikel's help in reviewing the final drafts of my dissertation is especially appreciated. I am grateful to Prof. John Hennessey for providing financial support during my first three years at Stanford. My colleagues in the Stanford database group have been really great to work with. Discussions with Catherine Hamon were very useful during the initial stages of this work. Marianne Siroker always gave quick and expert help with administrative tasks. Martin Frost and Andy Kacsmar did a super job administering the computer systems. I had interesting and fun conversations on various topics with my officemates Michel Bilello, Ron Burback, Brian Lent, Fang Min, Dallan Quass, and with many other DBgroup members. Use of the various DBGroup facilities and the weekly lunches are appreciated. This research was supported in part by educational grants from Oracle Corporation. To mention a few among the many people at Oracle who have taken the time to give their help and advice: Steffen Hulegaard, who persuaded me to continue my research; Bob Jenkins and Hakan Jakobsson, who participated in thought-provoking technical discussions; Alan Thiesen, who patiently listened to my professional and personal concerns; Sudheer Thakur, who proof-read my papers at short notice, and helped with my defense preparation; and Radhakrishna Hari, who contributed in many ways, from transplanting my plants to helping me move. I also appreciate the flexibility of my managers and co-workers in the PIDEV and SQLJ groups in accommodating my double-life as a student. I also owe a great debt to the many people who encouraged me before I came to Stanford. The professors at Jadavpur University, Calcutta, and Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, motivated and guided me in my studies. In particular, I thank Profs. A. K. Bannerjee, N. N. Biswas, S. Ghosh, L. M. Patnaik, and S. Rajaraman for believing in my abilities. Asis Goswami deserves special thanks for his friendship, help, and encouragement during my stay in Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore. I am grateful to all the people who have been there for me one way or another. In particular, I thank Usha Anne, Nabanita and Gautam Bandyopadhyay, Lakshmi and Kamal Bakshi, Indrani and Subhendu Chaudhuri, Hanna Djajapranata, Vidya Jog, Basab and Anu Maulik, Inderpal Singh Mumick, Sandhya Narayan, and Sujatha Subramani for their friendship and understanding in difficult times. Bill Youngster made my Commencement wonderful with his warm presence and special surprises. Many others go unnamed, but not unappreciated. Last but not the least, I would like to thank my family. I would not have made it without them. My father has inspired me to strive beyond the ordinary, given me the confidence I often lacked, encouraged me to keep going when I faltered, and has provided active help and sound advice all through my life. My mother has been unfailingly supportive in every way, and has always listened to my troubles, big and small. My sister is an oasis of peace and friendship in a world that often seems stressful and chaotic. I am fortunate indeed to have such unquestioning love and support. This thesis is dedicated to them, and to the memory of my loving grand-parents.